Although the concepts of the Constitution and constitutionalism are related, their meanings are distinct.
A written document that lays out the fundamental principles and laws that govern a nation or organization is referred to as the Constitution. The structure of the government, the powers and limitations of the various branches of government, the rights and liberties of citizens, and the procedures for amending the Constitution are typically outlined in the Constitution. As the supreme law of the land, the Constitution establishes a framework for a nation's political and legal systems.
In contrast, the broader idea of adhering to constitutional principles and norms is referred to as constitutionalism. The term "constitutionalism" refers to the belief that the powers of the government ought to be restricted and that the structure of the government ought to safeguard individual rights and liberties. It also includes the belief that the government ought to be subject to the rule of law and answerable to the people. The concept of constitutionalism places an emphasis on the significance of constitutional principles and the requirement that public servants act in accordance with those principles.
In essence, constitutionalism is the broader idea that the government should operate in accordance with constitutional principles and norms to promote democracy, protect individual rights, and ensure accountability. The Constitution is a specific written document that outlines the legal framework for a country or organization.
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